Do you want to know what are the 4 types of diabetes? This is an Endocrine Disease and a broad topic to describe. Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases in which the person has high blood sugar, either because insulin production is inadequate or because the body’s cells do not react to insulin. The disease can cause long-term damage to the heart and blood vessels and lead to a variety of complications including blindness, kidney failure, and amputation. Diabetes is a chronic condition that affects people of all ages. It is often diagnosed after a person has sustained obesity for at least five years.
Next, detailed information is given about this disease that you need to know.
What is Diabetes?
Centers For Disease Control And Prevention says Diabetes is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that causes when your pancreas releases too much or too low insulin and can’t function properly. The pancreas is responsible for proper insulin production which affects how your body turns food into energy.
The function of the pancreas is to release pancreatic juice in the digestive process which is called an enzyme. These enzymes break down sugars, fats, and starches and release them into the bloodstream. When blood sugar rises, it signals your pancreas to release insulin. Insulin regulates blood sugar levels, using blood sugar as energy in your body’s cells and storing excess sugar.
When diabetes occurs, your body either doesn’t make enough insulin or produces too much insulin. Excess insulin than needed in the blood causes type 1 diabetes or hypoglycemia or low blood sugar. When there is enough insulin, the cells do not use the correct amount of insulin or cannot use it as well as they should, it is a sign of type 2 diabetes. In type 2 diabetes, there is not enough insulin or the cells stop responding to insulin, which can cause serious health problems, especially in the elderly, such as heart disease, vision loss, and kidney disease.
National Institute Of Diabetes And Digestive And Kidney Disease states that in 2015, 30.3 million people who live in the United States, or 9.4 percent of the population, had diabetes. World Health Organization says that more than 95% of people with diabetes have type 2 diabetes. There is no permanent or curable cure yet, but taking regular medications, losing weight, eating healthy foods, and making lifestyle changes that are aware of diabetes can help you. Next, you will find what are the 4 types of diabetes and their symptoms.
Symptoms of Diabetes
There are 4 different types of diabetes symptoms, If you doubt you have diabetes see your doctor. The doctor advises you to check your blood sugar test. The symptoms are…
- If you need to urinate (pee) a lot, often at night
- You feel very thirsty
- Lose weight without trying
- Feeling very hungry most of the time
- If you have blurry vision
- If you feel you have numb or tingling hands or feet
- Feeling tired all the time
- If your skin is very dry
- If any pain or sores doesn’t heal or heal very slowly
- If you have more infections than usual
What Are The 4 Types of diabetes?
- Prediabetes
- Type 1 diabetes
- Type 2 diabetes
- Gestational diabetes
1. Prediabetes
Prediabetes is a precursor to type 2 diabetes and is a medical condition in which blood sugar levels are higher than normal, but not high enough to be diagnosed as type 2 diabetes. In prediabetic conditions, the body’s cells do not respond normally to the insulin produced by the pancreas, or as much as possible. Insulin does not deliver as much insulin into the bloodstream as is needed.
This causes blood sugar levels to rise and increases the risk of prediabetes. An estimated 96 million American adults—more than 1 in 3—have prediabetes, with 40% unaware they are prediabetic patients. Since prediabetes is an early symptom of type 2 diabetes ER, it increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke.
But the good news is that CDC-recognized lifestyle changes like healthy eating and daily physical activity can help reverse this.
Symptoms
Centers For Disease Control And Prevention say that…
- If you are facing overweight issues
- If you are 45 years or older
- If your family members like parents, brothers, or sisters have type 2 diabetes
- If you are physically inactive or less physical activities
- If you have a history of gestational diabetes before (diabetes during pregnancy) or giving birth to a weighted baby more than 9 pounds
- If you have an endocrine disorder like polycystic ovary syndrome
- If you lead a very unhealthy lifestyle.
Causes
CDC states that The pancreas produces insulin, which delivers blood sugar to the cells for use as energy. When our cells do not respond properly to the insulin sent by the pancreas, blood sugar levels rise. Basically, this problem occurs because our blood cells correctly follow the signal of the pancreas and send the correct amount of insulin to the blood cells, which ultimately leads to prediabetes and which later causes type 2 diabetes.
2. Type 1 diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune reaction where the body mistakenly attacks itself. This reaction causes your body to either stop making insulin or produce too little insulin that isn’t enough. Insulin plays a role in using blood sugar for energy and helps it enter your body’s cells.
Insulin is so essential that without it, blood sugar cannot enter the cells. CDC says bout 5-10% of people with diabetes worldwide have this type 1 variant. Symptoms of type 1 diabetes are most commonly found in children, teenagers, and young adults.
If you have type 1 diabetes, you need to take insulin every day to survive. Currently, the exact cause of type 1 diabetes has not been discovered, so prevention is the way to overcome this problem. An expert doctor determines the amount of insulin needed in the blood through a blood test. It has some unusual symptoms like nausea, vomiting, or stomach pains.
Symptoms
According to CDC, the symptoms of type 1 diabetes are…
- Feeling weakness dizziness
- Hands and feet tremble
- Fast heartbeat
- Shaking
- Sweating
- Nervousness or anxiety
- Irritability or confusion
- Increase hunger
Causes
- It is cause Because of the pancreas doesn’t make insulin or makes very little insulin.
- May be caused by genetic problems if there are any family members.
- It is caused by an autoimmune reaction.
- People who maintain a very strict diet like a low-carb diet are more likely to develop this type 1 diabetes.
- Regular lifestyles and habits are also responsible for this type of diabetes.
3. Type 2 diabetes
Insulin is a hormone made by your pancreas whose job is to use blood sugar as energy in your body’s cells. When type 2 diabetes occurs the body’s cells do not respond normally to insulin; This is abbreviated as insulin resistance.
The pancreas then produces more insulin to try to get the cells to respond. Eventually, the pancreas can’t control it properly, and then not enough insulin gets into the blood causing your blood sugar to rise, which is responsible for type 2 diabetes. High blood sugar can cause a variety of physical and serious health problems, such as heart disease, vision loss, cataracts, and kidney disease.
CDC says more than 37 million American people have diabetes and also about 90-95% of the world’s total diabetes patients have type 2. It is usually seen more in adults. But now, due to people’s lifestyle, lack of physical activities, and irregular eating, diabetes is also seen in children, teenagers, and young adults… With type 2 diabetes, your body uses insulin better.
No, and can’t keep blood sugar normal. About 90-95% of people with type 2 diabetes have type 2. It develops over many years and is usually diagnosed in adults but more often in children, adolescents, and young adults.
Symptoms
NHS says some symptoms of type 2 diabetes which is…
- Excessive thirsty
- Felling tiredness
- Need to pee a lot, particularly at night
- Constantly losing weight without trying
- If you are facing itching around your penis or vagina or repeatedly getting thrush
- If you have any pain, cuts or wounds take a long time to heal
- If you are facing blurry vision
Causes
- In type 2 diabetes blood sugar rises because cells don’t respond normally to insulin.
- If you have a family history of type 2 diabetes
- If you are over 40 (or 25 for south Asian people)
- It means if you are overweight
- Very few regular physical activities or inactive.
4. Gestational diabetes
Gestational diabetes is when your body cannot produce enough insulin during pregnancy. It usually occurs in women during pregnancy and can be diagnosed with a blood test ER between 24-28 weeks. It can also develop in women who do not already have diabetes. During pregnancy, the body produces different hormones and your body goes through different physiological changes, which cause the body’s cells to use insulin less effectively, and insulin resistance leads to weight gain. According to the Centers For Disease Control And Prevention, each year, 2% to 10% of pregnancies in the United States develop gestational diabetes. If you have gestational diabetes, follow the rules and doctor’s advice very carefully as it will help ensure you have a healthy pregnancy and a healthy baby.
Symptoms
MAYO CLINIC states that Most of the time, gestational diabetes doesn’t have any noticeable signs or symptoms. Feeling thirsty and more-frequent urination has 2 major possible symptoms.
The NHS gives some symptoms of gestational diabetes
- Increased thirst
- needing to pee more often than usual
- a dry mouth
- tiredness
Causes
MAYO CLINIC finds out some causes which are related to gestational diabetes.
Treatment
Diabetes is not a curable disease, so it can be controlled only by following a doctor’s advice and following a proper lifestyle. So if you follow the rules it is possible to keep diabetes under control.
Take diet food and limit your carb intake
Avoid surgery food items.
Increase your regular physical activities
Take medicine regularly
Measure your blood sugar level regularly
Always sleep on time.
Visit the doctor’s chamber a certain period after.
Maintain healthy lifestyle
International Diabetes Federation Recommends for overweight people to replacing their regular saturated fats (eg. cream, cheese, butter) with unsaturated fats (eg. avocado, nuts, olive, and vegetable oils), eat dietary fiber (eg. fruit, vegetables, whole grains), and avoiding tobacco use, excessive alcohol and added sugar for decreasing the levels of insulin in the blood.
Diabetes is now a global health issue and every country has many patients with diabetes. As we all know these health conditions do not go away, but some simple prevention can help you a lot to manage these kinds of diseases.
Read More: Common Endocrine Disorders: 7 Most Common Endocrine Diseases
